An Investigation of the Role of Female Entrepreneurship in The Economic Development of Saudi Arabia

Authors

  • Afrah Alrasheedi
  • Ghaith Abualfalayeh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24203/ajhss.v8i5.6328

Keywords:

Entrepreneur, Saudi Arabia, Data collection

Abstract

Abstract: In the modern days, the role of female entrepreneurship has been expanded in the market and they also play their essential role in the contribution in the economic development for their respective nations. The aim of the study is to analyse and investigate the role of female entrepreneurship in the development of the economic condition in Saudi Arabia. The introduction section mainly sheds light on the research aim, objective and the research questions in order to provide the abrupt understanding of the research. The section also provides the justification for the research along with the structure of the study. In addition to this, the research methodology section provides a complete understanding of the research philosophy, approach, and design and data collection method. Additionally, in this research, the data has been collected with the help of secondary research. In the data finding section, the research provides the different types of theme in order to highlight the role of female entrepreneurship in the development of the national economic condition.

Entrepreneurship development by women's group has been one of the major realms that are adopted by various organisations all over the world. The presence of various traditional and cultural norms has restricted women from attaining entrepreneurship engagement for a successful business environment in the Saudi Arabian region. This is because the Saudi Arabian government has laid the Limited number of services that a woman can avail in the economic framework of the country. The study claims to identify the benefits and challenges that arise while reforming the existing architecture and economical background of Saudi Arabia to that of the women employment criteria in business operations. In other words, the facilitation of women to attain Entrepreneurship and self-governing business need to be attained in order to gain economic growth regarding the financial aspects of the country. The study considers several theoretical frameworks including the Krueger and Brazeal's model of entrepreneurship potential so as to investigate perceived official feasibility propensity to act and perceive desirability for women in employment. Deducing entrepreneur opportunities regarding women residing in the Saudi Arabian region has often been our challenging aspect as religious and cultural rights are post against women. However, the importance of including women in business has been observed to provide the country in attaining business growth in the Global region of operation. Similarly, the Saudi Arabian region upon having a strong oil refinery bass would also be required to make them self-independent of another business sector that is to be developed in that region. The study provides a detailed analysis through data collection from various samples in an exploratory way to reduce conclusions regarding the benefits of including women in entrepreneurship and development.

In the conclusion and recommendation section the research draft the overall summary of the research and provide the objective linking. The objective linking helps the researcher to correlate with the section of the study and where the specified objective has been met. The research future scope and limitation has been providing that in future the research scholar needs to expand the research in the form of open-ended and interview questionnaires in order to collect the individual aspects regarding the topic. The recommendation has been provided to the authority and society so that they can able to promote the female entrepreneurship activities for the development of the national economic condition.

References

• Aleidi, A.I. and Chandran, D., 2017, July. Does Institutional Environment Promote Women's IT Entrepreneurial Intention in Saudi Arabia? Technological and Institutional Perspectives. In The Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems.

• Alfarran, A., Pyke, J. and Stanton, P., 2018. Institutional barriers to women’s employment in Saudi Arabia. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal.

• Alotaibi, F., Cutting, R. and Morgan, J., 2017. A critical analysis of the literature in women's leadership in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Business Administration and Management Research, 3(1).

• Berger, E.S. and Kuckertz, A., 2016. Female entrepreneurship in startup ecosystems worldwide. Journal of Business Research, 69(11), pp.5163-5168.

• Bhutto, S. and Rind, B.A., 2019. ENGLISH-THE PREVALENCE OF SEXUAL ABUSE IN WOMEN (TYPES, CAUSES, EFFECTS) AND ITS REMEDIES IN ISLAM. The Scholar-Islamic Academic Research Journal, 5(2), pp.128-138.

• Chandran, D. and Aleidi, A., 2018. Analyzing the Influence of Gender Stereotypes and Social Norms on Female IT Entrepreneurial Intention in Saudi Arabia. Hawaii International Conferenceon System Sciences.

• Chang, Q., Yip, P.S. and Chen, Y.Y., 2019. Gender inequality and suicide gender ratios in the world. Journal of affective disorders, 243, pp.297-304.

• Chant, S., 2016. Women, girls and world poverty: empowerment, equality or essentialism?. International Development Planning Review, 38(1), pp.1-24.

• Creswell, J.W. and Creswell, J.D., 2017. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.

• Dean, H., Larsen, G., Ford, J. and Akram, M., 2019. Female entrepreneurship and the metanarrative of economic growth: A critical review of underlying assumptions. International Journal of Management Reviews, 21(1), pp.24-49.

• Dougherty, M.R., Slevc, L.R. and Grand, J.A., 2019. Making research evaluation more transparent: Aligning research philosophy, institutional values, and reporting. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 14(3), pp.361-375.

• Ennis, C.A., 2019. The gendered complexities of promoting female entrepreneurship in the Gulf. New Political Economy, 24(3), pp.365-384.

• Fischer, D., Stanszus, L., Geiger, S., Grossman, P. and Schrader, U., 2017. Mindfulness and sustainable consumption: A systematic literature review of research approaches and findings. Journal of Cleaner Production, 162, pp.544-558.

• Florian, A., Montero, C.S. and Mbise, E.R., 2017, September. Mobile technology for women entrepreneurs in Iringa, Tanzania: User requirements and architectural design. In 2017 IEEE AFRICON (pp. 497-503). IEEE.

• Gaus, N., 2017. Selecting research approaches and research designs: A reflective essay. Qualitative Research Journal.

• Hechavarría, D.M. and Ingram, A.E., 2019. Entrepreneurial ecosystem conditions and gendered national-level entrepreneurial activity: a 14-year panel study of GEM. Small Business Economics, 53(2), pp.431-458.

• Henry, C., Nelson, T. and Lewis, K. eds., 2017. The Routledge companion to global female entrepreneurship. Routledge.

• Hussin, S.A.B., 2019. Incorporating Islamic Leadership Key Behaviors in Moderating The Association of Workplace Culture and Discrimination Against Women at Workplace (Doctoral dissertation, UniversitiSains Islam Malaysia).

• Krueger, N., 2020. Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs: 25 years on. Journal of the International Council for Small Business, 1(1), pp.52-55.

• Krueger, N.F. and Brazeal, D.V., 2018. PotencialEmpreendedor E Empreendedores EM Potencial (Entrepreneurial Potential and Potential Entrepreneurs). Revista de Empreendedorismo e Gestão de PequenasEmpresas, 7(2), pp.201-226.

• Mukesh, H.V., Rao, A.S. and Rajasekharan Pillai, K., 2018. Entrepreneurial potential and higher education system in India. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 27(2), pp.258-276.

• Ngoasong, M.Z. and Kimbu, A.N., 2019. Why Hurry? The Slow Process of High Growth in Women‐Owned Businesses in a Resource‐Scarce Context. Journal of Small Business Management, 57(1), pp.40-58.

• Ostrow, L., Penney, D., Stuart, E. and Leaf, P.J., 2017. Web-based survey data collection with peer support and advocacy organizations: Implications of participatory methods. Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action, 11(1), pp.45-52.

• Paradis, E., O'Brien, B., Nimmon, L., Bandiera, G. and Martimianakis, M.A., 2016. Design: selection of data collection methods. Journal of graduate medical education, 8(2), pp.263-264.

• Pinkovetskaia, I.S., Kryukova, L.I., Campillo, D.F.A. and Rojas-Bahamon, M.J., 2019. Female entrepreneurship: Types of economic activity. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 8(2), pp.253-265.

• Poggesi, S., Mari, M. and De Vita, L., 2016. What’s new in female entrepreneurship research? Answers from the literature. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 12(3), pp.735-764.

• Samargandi, N., Al Mamun, M., Sohag, K. and Alandejani, M., 2019. Women at work in Saudi Arabia: Impact of ICT diffusion and financial development. Technology in Society, 59, p.101187.

• Saunders, M.N., Lewis, P., Thornhill, A. and Bristow, A., 2015. Understanding research philosophy and approaches to theory development.

• Schabenberger, O. and Gotway, C.A., 2017. Statistical methods for spatial data analysis. CRC press.

• Statista.com (2020). ECONOMIC GROWTH. Available at: https://www.statista.com/chart/14439/female-driver-car-and-sales-in-saudi-arabia/ [Accessed on 14.6.2020]

• Syed, J., Ali, F. and Hennekam, S., 2018. Gender equality in employment in Saudi Arabia: a relational perspective. Career Development International.

• tradingeconomics.com, (2020) Saudi Arabia - Unemployment, Female Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/saudi-arabia/unemployment-female-percent-of-female-labor-force-wb data.html#:~:text=Unemployment%2C%20female%20(%25%20of%20female,compiled%20from%20officially%20recognized%20sources. [Accessed on: 27.06.2020]

• Varshney, D., 2018. Expatriates Go, Let Us Grow: An Analysis of Employment Patterns and Development of a Viable HRD Model of Saudi Arabia. African and Asian Studies, 17(4), pp.340-370.

• Varshney, D., 2019. The Strides of the Saudi Female Workforce: Overcoming Constraints and Contradictions in Transition. Journal of International Women's Studies, 20(2), pp.359-372.

• Wahid, A.S., 2019. The effects and the mechanisms of board gender diversity: Evidence from financial manipulation. Journal of Business Ethics, 159(3), pp.705-725.

• Welsh, D.H., Kaciak, E. and Thongpapanl, N., 2016. Influence of stages of economic development on women entrepreneurs' startups. Journal of Business Research, 69(11), pp.4933-4940.

• Williams, S., Qiu, W., Al-awwad, Z. and Alfayez, A., 2019. Commuting for women in Saudi Arabia: Metro to driving-Options to support women employment. Journal of Transport Geography, 77, pp.126-138.

• Worldbank.org (2020). The State of Women's Rights in the Arab World. Available at: https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2016/03/07/the-state-of-womens-rights-in-the-arab-world [Accessed on 15.6.2020]

• Yang, Y., Chawla, N.V. and Uzzi, B., 2019. A network’s gender composition and communication pattern predict women’s leadership success. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(6), pp.2033-2038.

• Ye, Y. and Gawronski, B., 2016. When possessions become part of the self: Ownership and implicit self-object linking. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 64, pp.72-87.

• Young, K.E., 2017. More Educated, Less Employed: The Paradox of Women’s Employment in the Gulf. Higher Education in the Gulf States: Present & Future, pp.7-9.

• Zhong, Z. and Guo, F., 2017. Women in Chinese Higher Education: Educational Opportunities and Employability Challenges. In The Changing Role of Women in Higher Education (pp. 53-73). Springer, Cham.

Downloads

Published

2020-10-30

How to Cite

Alrasheedi, A. ., & Abualfalayeh, G. (2020). An Investigation of the Role of Female Entrepreneurship in The Economic Development of Saudi Arabia. Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, 8(5). https://doi.org/10.24203/ajhss.v8i5.6328