Fungal Agents Causing Diseases on Pomegranates Grown in Antalya, Turkey
Keywords:
Punica granatum L., leaf spot, fruit rot, post-harvest decayAbstract
In order to determine the fungal disease agents causing losses in pomegranate orchards and storages in Antalya province, surveys were performed in 61 orchards and 21 storages, in 2012. Totally 12 fungus species were obtained as a result of isolations made from the leaf and fruit samples taken from the orchards and storages. It was determined that the most common fungus was Alternaria alternata both in leaf and fruit samples obtained from the orchards. Cladosporium herbarum from the leaf samples, Aspergillus and Penicillium species from the fruit samples were the other common fungi. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Coniella granati, known as the important pathogens of pomegranate, was also isolated in lower rates. Botrytis cinerea was the species with highest isolation frequency from the fruit samples taken from the storages and followed by Penicillium sp., Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternata and Coniella granati. In the pathogenicity trials performed under laboratory conditions; A. alternata, B. cinerea, C. granati and Fusicoccum aesculi caused severe browning on pomegranate leaves, while C. gloeosporioides, C. herbarum, Pleospora herbarum, A. niger and Penicillium sp. were the other pathogens causing necrosis on the leaves. As a result of fruit inoculations, C. granati and F. aesculi caused severe symptoms on the fruits, where C. gloeosporioides, B. cinerea, A. niger, Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium semitectum and Penicillium sp. caused moderate or slight fruit rot.
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